WI-FI (WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY)

WI-FI is a technology for wireless local area networking with devices based on the IEEE 802.11 standards. WI-FI is the name of a popular wireless networking technology that uses radio waves to provide wireless high-speed Internet and network connections. A common misconception is that the term WI-FI is short for "wireless fidelity," however this is not the case. WI-FI is simply a trademarked phrase that means IEEE 802.11x.

Devices that can use WI-FI technology include personal computers, video-game consoles, smart phones, digital cameras, tablet computers, digital audio players and modern printers. WI-FI compatible devices can connect to the Internet via a WLAN and a wireless access point. Such an access point (or hotspot) has a range of about 20 meters (66 feet) indoors and a greater range outdoors. Hotspot coverage can be as small as a single room with walls that block radio waves, or as large as many square kilometers achieved by using multiple overlapping access points.

WI-FI most commonly uses the 2.4 gigahertz (12 cm) UHF and 5 gigahertz (6 cm) SHF ISM radio bands. Having no physical connections, it is more vulnerable to attack than wired connections, such as Ethernet.

HOW WI-FI NETWORK WORKS

WI-FI networks have no physical wired connection between sender and receiver by using radio frequency (RF) technology a frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum associated with radio wave propagation. When an RF current is supplied to an antenna, an electromagnetic field is created that is able to propagate through space.

The cornerstone of any wireless network is an access point (AP). The primary job of an access point is to broadcast a wireless signal that computers can detect and "tune" into. In order to connect to an access point and join a wireless network, computers and devices must be equipped with wireless network adapters.

WI-FI IEEE STANDARD 802.11

802.11 is an evolving family of specifications for wireless local area networks (WLANs) developed by a working group of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). There are several specifications in the family and new ones are occasionally added.

WI-FI is a term for certain types of wireless local area networks (WLAN) that use specifications in the 802.11 family  for example,  WI-FI Direct, a peer-to-peer specification that allows devices certified for WI-FI Direct to exchange data without an internet connection or a wireless router. Products that pass WI-FI Alliance tests for interoperability, security and application-specific protocols are labeled "WI-FI CERTIFIED," a registered trademark of the Alliance.

Modern smart phones and tablets are also able to turn into WI-FI hotspots, using their cellular network connections to provide wireless internet connectivity to computers and other devices.

To access WI-FI hotspots, computers should include wireless adapters. These can be found on laptops and mobile devices, such as tablets or mobile phones. If for some reason your computer doesn't include such an adapter, one can be purchased that can be inserted into the PCI slot or USB port. Your computer should then be able to locate WI-FI networks automatically in the area. These can either be open networks or protected networks, the latter can be joined by entering a WI-FI password.

Similarly, WI-FI is often thought to be short for wireless fidelity. However, according to the WI-FI Alliance, WI-FI is not an abbreviation. The confusion may stem from the fact that the Alliance briefly used, "The standard for wireless fidelity," as a slogan for WI-FI.

Originally, WI-FI certification was applicable only to products using the 802.11b standard. Today, WI-FI can apply to products that use any 802.11 standard. The 802.11 specifications are part of an evolving set of wireless network standards known as the 802.11 family. The particular specification under which a WI-FI network operates is called the "flavor" of the network. 


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